Kawlram Sipuazi Lamthluan Cuanhnak

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Dr. Sui Hingz: MBA, Ph.D| Chin Digest Vol. 2, No. 3| Kan Kawlram sipuazi umtuning hi kan zoh ahcun kum 1962-2011 tiang (kum 50 chung) hi Centrally planned economy kan timi cozahpi nih tlaihmi sipuazi chan a si. Cozah pakhat power pakhat nawlngeihnak (authority) pakhat nih tlaih caan, cozah pakhat nih bia a khiah, a duhning paoh in a merh le cozah fate nih a duh paoh in a kan hruai caan a si. Kum 2011 in 2015 tiang i sipuazi lei kalning cu dihlak nawn in thlen caan a si (total transformation) a si kan ti khawh. Kum 2016 in 2020 tiang hi cu a ngan deuh pi in thlen caan bigger and whole transformation a si kho tiah ka zumh. Cawkzuarhmun (market) umtuning zong aa thleng lai, system le policy zong aa thleng lai. Kum 50 chung a hram a rak fek cangmi thlen hi zuamcawhnak (challenge) a ngan pi pakhat a si. Hi kum 50 chung 1962-2011 kar zong hi dot tampi in ṭhen khawh a si i 1992-2011 tiang (kum 20 chung) hi cu kalpia chan a si i cozah nih central planned in market economy ah a thlen nain duhnak sawhsawh lawng a si i zeitin dah kan tuah lai ti an thei lo, cun ṭhanchonak ding ah a bawmtu financial infrastructure zong ṭhaṭhi in a rak uk lo. 1995 kum zong ah Myanmar Stock Exchange company zong an rak tuah cang i tuah sawhsawh le duhnak sawhsawh men a rak si. Zuamnak le hlawhtlin duhnak thazaang chuahnak an rak ngei lo.

Kan Chin ramkulh cozah zong nih sipuazi hi kan khua kan ram le kan ram thilchuak he aa tlak in amah tein pawlisi a ser ve a hau”

2016 hi cu chanthar i lamkuaih pakhat (big curve of new era) kan phan ti ruah a si i kan ram i fingrei cah kan hmuh caan a si i, a um ciami structure pawl hi hruai ningcang le ṭuan ningcang pawl zeitin dah an remh lai timi le zeitluk in dah thil ti khawhnak le thlen khawhnak thazaang an ngeih timi zong ah tampi aa hngat te lai. Zeitluk in dah zulhphung le ningcang tein an tuah khawh regulatory timi le guideline (phung hmuhternak) fiang tein an ser khawh hi a biapi tuk te lai. Sipuazi lei tungtlang pi an tlaihning nih tampi lai a rel te lai.

Kawl cozah thar NLD party nih sipuazi pawlisi cu an thanh te lai. Cu pawlisi tang ah cun khuakhan tuaktan thiamnak ngan pipi cu pawlisi he aa tlakning in upadi pawl cu caan hngah loin an ser colh a hau te lai. Pawlisi timi cu a sang bik a hram i chiahmi lam hmuhsaktu le zulhphung a si. Kawlram ah cun Pyithu Hluttaw nih pawlisi an ser lai i, cu pawlisi tang ahcun upadi pawl an ser te lai. Rampi cozah pi nih cu upadi cu a hman lai. Cucaah pawlisi pawl an ser tik ah har tuk le hnahnok ding in ser lo hi a biapi. Pawlisi timi cu practical implementations a si lo i upadi, guideline, by-law pawl, sikaan (discipline) pawl principle pawl he aa dannak kha hngalh a hau. Sipuazi pawlisi ser tik ah hmuhsaknak lam (direction le guideline) hi ser hmasa a hau.

Dr. Sui Hingz

Sipuazi pawlisi guideline lam hruaitu ding hna ah;
1) Thilchuah ṭhanchoternak – (production growth);
2) Ramleng thilkuat ṭhanchoter – lenglei hoih in zoh –outward looking;
3) Thillut thlen thiam –chunglei hoih in zoh – (import substitution: inward looking);
4) Kan nun santernak;
5) Nifa nunnak i a herhmi thil man pawl man khiah thiam le hnuzulh zohthiamnak;
6) Thilman fehter ding;
7) Sifah zorter ding;
8) Phaisa zuarnak market man khiah thiam le cuaithlai thiamnak;
9) Rian tampi serpiak ding;

Mah hna pawl hi sipuazi pawlisi caah a tlaangpi in lam hmuhternak caah ser hmasa an hau. Cu bantuk in a tlaangpi in lam hmuhternak pawl phak khawh ding in sipuazi pawlisi pawl cu sersiam a hau. Cu lawng si loin papek a haumi zong kha zoh thiam a hau. Cu lawng si loin a caan le a hmunhma aa changchang tein zulh thiam zong a biapi tuk hringhran. Cu pin ah ramchung ramleng i tangka hrambunhnak ah bawmtu a si a hau fawn.

Kawlram hi milu nuai 51.4 kan um i Chinram ah nuai cheu kan tling deuh lo. Kawlram pumpi GDP (ramchung chuah thil man fonh) hi dollar in billion 59 (nuai 59,000) a si i GDP per capita hi $ 915 a si nain Chinram i GDP per capita hi cu a um lo tluk a si (ram pakhat nih ka minung pawl zeitluk in dah an rum timi tahnak a si). Kawlram i GDP per capita PPP timi Purchasing Power Parity cu dollar 1400 a si i (GDP kha ramleng phaisa in thlen ah zeitluk dah cawk khawhnak thazaang a um ti zohnak a si). Kawlram i GDP 31% hi cinthlaknak in hmuhmi a si i cucu dollar cun nuaithong (billion) 18 hrawng a si. Thing hi cu 2014 ah dollar in nuai 1500 hrawng lawng an langhter.

Thailand le China ramri um pengtlang le khuaram pawl hi an ṭhangcho tuk nain India le Bangladesh ramri ummi pawl hi kan ṭhangcho lo tuk lawmmam. Kan ṭhancho ning a nuarh tuk khunnak a ruang bik cu ramri chawlehchawhrawl ah Kawl cozah nih tha a pe duh lo. Infrastructure timi lam le sul, ti le mei, innlo tibantuk, pawlisi ṭha tein serpiak in ramri chawlehchawhrawlnak tha a pek lo caah kan huncho le kan ṭhancho a nuarh khun biknak a ruang a si. Kan cozah nih nautat thleidanh le zei ah rel loin rak chiahmi kan sinak a langhnak bik a si. India ram he chawlehchawhrawl ah tha rak pe sehlaw nihin ni ah kan khua kan ram kan lamsul le kan nun a ṭha deuh tuk ko hnga. Ramchung chuak thil kan ngei lai, chawlehchawhrawlnak in kan nun a sang deuh lai. Cun kan tangka lut (income) a ṭha lai, thilchuah (production) a ṭhangcho lai, thilphorhnak (transportation) a ṭha lai, ramri um rian a harnak ah rian tampi a hmuhter khawh hna lai i zei dang sipuazi rian (economic activities) nakin chungkhar tling tein thlahlawh le tangkalut (income) a hmuhter deuh lai ti hi a fiang ko. Cu lawng si loin ramri chawlehchawhrawlnak nih ramri a ṭhanchoter lawng si loin ramri ummi hna caah a bawmhchanh khawh ngai hna lai.

Kawlram ramri chawlehchawhrawl hi kan zoh ahcun Tuluk he 2015 kum i ramri chaw an hrawlmi hi US Dollar nuai 3800 a si i Thailand ramri chawlehchawhrawl hi 2015 ah nuai 1811 US Dollar a si, Bangladesh he nuai 3.3 USD le India he nuai 22 USD lawng a si. Ramri chawlehnak ah Tuluk he 87%, Thailand he 12% le India he 0.8% le Bangladesh he 0.2% a si. Kan Chinram he aa pehmi India ram he chawlehchawhrawlmi cu 1% hmanh a tling lo. Cu hmanh cu Tamu le Moreh deuh lawng i chawlut le chawkuat an si i, Chinram le India ramri chawlehchawhrawl hi cu a tlawm tuk hringhran. Kawlram GDP per capita hi $ 915 a si nain Chinram i GDP per capita hi cu tuak awk ṭha lo tluk a si i $100-200 kar lawng a si lai dah. Kawl nih an kan nautat ngai i zei an kan rel lo. Anmah herh baunak le ṭhatnak ca lawng ah an kan komh a tam. Chin miphun le Chinram hi cu mahte i khuakhan lairelnak kan ngeih taktak lawng ah kan ṭhangcho kho te lai.

Kan Chin ramkulh cozah zong nih sipuazi hi kan khua kan ram le kan ram thilchuak he aa tlak in amah tein pawlisi a ser ve a hau. Rampi cozah nih a hmanmi pawlisi hi kan ram he aa tlak lonak le a thadernak pawl kha zoh in lakhruak in shock treatment in thlen a herh maw duhsah tein thlen maw a ṭhat ti hi a zoh a hau. Kan Chinram ah cun a hlan tein ṭhanchonak a chuahtermi pawlisi a um bal lo caah gradual approach in si loin speed in shock in thlen a hau ko. Mah lo ah cun hlan chan bantuk in kan Chinram ah sipuazi lei in hnu ah kan taang lengmang rih ko lai.

Catialtu Dr. Sui Hingz nih Chin Digest Vol. 2, No. 3 (June 2016) chuakmi ah a rak tialmi a si.

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