Khawrapsian asiloah Eihmuarnak (Corruption)

By Salai Sang Hnin Lian

Biadomhnak: Atulio laihlummi aw-kaa ah a chuak bikmi le caihphai bikmi biafang pakhat in hun chim theomi cu Khawrapsian (Corruption) hi a si tiah ti ahcun, kan palh tuk hnga lo dah! Caan sau tuk uknak phung tha lo in, hruainak timi fian lo in, a hramhram uknak phung tang ah kan um ruang ah a si awk, a sining cang tiah ah a ruatmi zong hung um a si tining law a palh thiam lai lo dah! Hihi a ruang cu hramhram uknak le cozah uknak thalo nih a hmanmi Budget (tangka) hi a thlithup ah an rak chiah tawnmi a si.

Nain, 2010 in thlennak a hung chuakmi USDP in NLD tiang ah kum 10 tluk kan kal. Hi chung ah mizapi nih covo kan ngeihmi le cozah hruainak ah hmanmi hi mizapi chawva le ngunkhuai a si timi kan hung fian chin tik ah, kan cozah cu a Khawrap (Corrupt) timi biafang hun char cio a tam ngai.

Cun, naite ah Asia Foundation timi nih hlathlainak an tuahmi hlathlainak a hun thanh tik ah, Chin Ramkulh cu kan min a hung chia ngaingai. Asia Foundation nih Kawlram ramkulh (7) le ramthen (7) cu dothlatnak (Research) a tuah i Chin ramkulh cozah riantuannak cu langhngannak (Transparency) a um lo bik mi chang a si tiah a thanh. Asia Foundation nih an dothlatnak cauk “Myanmar Business Environment Index – 2019” cu June 5, 2020 ah zapi sin theihternak a tuah i hika ah rel khawh a si.

Cucaah, careltu zapi nih kan i fian khawhnak hnga ding caah Khawrapsian (Corruption) timi cu zeidah a si, zeitindah an zohfel, an tahning a si timi le zeitindah ramkip nih an doh cio timi capar tawite in ka hun tial.

Corruption cu zeidah a si?

Corruption (ziknawh eihmuarnak) timi hi a kau ngaimi a si i, a tlangpi in cun nawlngeihnak le phaisa kha mizapi caah siloin pumpak hlawhnak le miaknak caah ningcang loin hman khi a chim duhmi a si. Cu ahcun, firnak, hlennak, mah unau chungkhar papeknak, nawlngeihnak ningcang lo in hmannak tbk. hna an si. Nain, corruption hi ram tampi ah a ummi a si ko nain phungning in khenkham a silonak hmun a tam ngai ve.

Corruption (Khawrapsian) timi cu zumhmi le bochanmi nawlngeitu pumpak pakhat le a bu nih ningcang lo in le dingfelo in amah pumpak miaknak le hlawknak caah a tuahmi khi a si. Cu ahcun, ziknawhnak le thil ningcang lo in tuahnak hna a tel (Ram cheukhat ahcun, a rikhiah in a onhmi zong an um theo fawn).

Eihmuarnak timi cu mizapi sin in hmuhmi nawlngeihnak kha mizapi caah silo in pumpak caah ningcang lo in hman a si. Tachunnak ah, cozah zung (public office) tuanmi nih ziknawhmi cohlan in lakpiaknak tbk., ningcang lo umthut le midang caah caantha phih piak in harnak pek hna a tel.

Cun nawlngeihnak kha ningcang lo in midang cung ah thatlonak tlunter, midang va zomhteih le nautat tiang khin an si. Corruption ahcun, a petu le a latu tiin a um. Cun, dinfellonak le zumawktlak lo sinak, firnak, hleithawinak le ningcang lo in thil hmannnak tbk. le thawngpang, a biapimi thil sining tbk. pawl ningcanglo in lak le thanh le lengchuahpi tbk. pawl hi corruption (eihmuarnak) a thawktu silole corruption a umnak ah a cang i hmuh khawhmi an si.

Corruption an fianter ning a suallam:

Vawlei cung riantuan phu ngan hna nih corruption an fianter ning cio kan zoh tik ah;

“World Bank” nih a hrilhfiahmi a tawinak in cun, corruption timi cu pumpak miaknak le hlawknak caah mizapi phaisa hman tiah a ti.
“Transparency International” nih cun, corruption cu mah pumpak miaknak caah nawlngeihnak phung buar khi a si a ti.
Denmark ram in “DANIDA, Danish” nih cun, corruption cu mah pumpak miaknak le hlawknak caah nawlngeihnak ningcang lo in hman khi a si a ti ve.
“SIDA, Swedish” nih cun, thanchonak ca i riantuanmi hna kar i corruption timi cu institution a bu (phu) nganpipi siseh, phu (organization) nganpipi siseh, company hna siseh, a silo ah pumpak minung hna nih cu thanchonak ca rian an tuannak ah ningcang lo in miaknak le hlawknak hmuh le ningcang lo in cu rian an tuan ruang ah sunghzatlaknak a um khi a si a ti.

Cu chung ah a telmi cu: Ziknawk peknak le laknak, midang thihphaihnak, mah chungkhar duhsaknak, ningcang loin thil tuahnak, uahnak le ramkhel party sin ah phung ninglo in phaisa hlutnak, tbk. pawl an si.

Corruption phun 2: Chawlehnak le Ramkhel

Hi ziknawh le eihmuarnak kong ahhin an hrilhfiah ning cang a tampi a um ko men lai. Nain, hi capar in chawlehnak (business) le ramkhel lei he pehtlaimi kong pahnih hun fianter ka tim;

Chawlehnak Corruption (Business)

Corruption hi caan tampi ah sualnak or phung buar ah ruahlo in, riantuan ning cang a tluan khawhnak ding ah hmanmi lam pakhat ah ruah a si theo tawn. A bik in cozah chung silo ah chawletbu (sipuaizi) chung ah riantuannak rianrang a kal khawhnak ah hmanmi lam phunkhat ah ruah a si. Cuti an tuahmi chung ah, ziknawh, thlithup in a chungleimi cawlcanghnak, phaisa thianternak (money laundering), ningcang loin thil tuah, ngunkhuai pek duhlo le cazin hman tein chiah lo hna an si.

Ramkhel Corruption (Politics)

Thimfung thlakning hmanlo le ningcang lo in tuah. Mah chungkhat le hawikom duhsaknak ngeih deuh, biakamnak hman lo peknak, tanhmi minung silo ah, party thatnak kong tial ding in media phu sin ah phaisa peknak tbk. a tel. Cun, thimfung thlatu pawl hna kha phaisa, eidin tbk. peknak le mizapi duhlo bu in nawlngeihnak tlaih peng hna hi an si.

Ramkomh Kawlram nih Corruption Suallam A fianhter

2013 August 7 ah Ramkomh Kawlram Hluttaw in cozah nih fehter cangmi corruption dohnak phung (anti-corruption law) ning in, Corruption an fianter ning zoh tik ah, Khrihfa hna kan Bible nak hmanh in tih a nung deuh hman maw ti awk tiang in a um.

Corruption timi cu nawlngeihnak dirhmun i a ummi bawi pakhat nih a nawlngeihnak kha thil pakhat khat a can khawhnak ah ningcang lo in hman le phung ning in tuah dingmi thil pakhat khat hrialnak a silo ah, midang kha phung ning in thil tuahnak nawl va pek or phungning tuahnak nawl ngeihmi midang kha ningcang lo khenkham a si lo ah, biatung le nawlhalmi siseh, biakamhnak silo ah biaruahnak in ziknawh peknak, laknak, cohlannak le cohlan i timhnak tbk. le a dang thiltha lo tuah timhnak ah direct siloah indirect ah tel in nawlngeihnak hman in phung zulh duhlo, duhdahnak ngeih le tanhhleimi ngeih hna an si.

Corruption zeitindah kham a si:

A biapimi thil phun 5

Thilsual tuahmi ah dantatnak in luatter lo (Dantatnak)
Cozah uknak, hruai le phaisa tawlrel ning phun zoh than le tawlrel
A fianglangmi (Langserte in) riantuannak thanchoter le thawnglak zalonnak pek
Ram mizapi fimhchimh le thazaang pek in thawnter
Ramleng he pehtlaihnak khenkham le phih

India ram nih corruption an doh ning cang:

Anti-corruption in India timi cawlcanghnak (movement) mizapi nih dohdalnak an thawk,
Right to Information (zalong tein thilsning le thawngpang theihnak nawl le laknak nawl) phung an ser chuah
Zung cachuaklut vialte catlap in computer (digital) in hmanmi an thlen

Hong Kong nih corruption an doh ning cang:

Hong Kong nih corruption dohnak ding caah Independent Commission Against Corruption (ICAC) timi an dirh. Cu a cozah theihpinak in dirhmi nih cun, corruption kong ah biatak tein hlathlainak a tuah. Cu dohdalnak ah an hmanmi lam phun thum cu;

Corruption chekhlainak department an ser
A hlankan in runvennak/himvennak (prevention)
Fimchimnak (education)

Cu an riantuannak chung in an hmuhmi cu thutdan sang cung a thumi bawi tampi hna haukkauhnak ruang ah corruption hi a um timi a si.

Hmualngeimi Chekhlainak

A. Independent: Midang silo ah phu dang ah a hngatchan lomi independent phu, a cozah nawlngeihnak he serchuah a herh.

B. Hlathlainak ah a zatawk thawnnak le nawlngeihnak a ngeimi (adequate investigative power): a ruang cu corruption hi vawlei cung ah hlathlai awk a har ngaingaimi le chekhlai a har taktakmi a si.

Cucaah a tanglei nawlngeihnak hi an ngeih a herh:

Bank Account checkhlainak (a felfai lo tiah ruahmi Bank ngaihmi zohfelnak)
Phone in pehtlaihmi chekhlainak (Telephone an i chawl balmi vialte ngaih thannak nawl)
Zumhlomi le lunghrinhmi minung hna kherhlainak
Tehte hna kha biakamnak he biahman chimternak

C. Hlathlainak caah a zawtawk chawva le tangka hmannak
D. Riantuantu le chekfelnak tuah liomi humhimnak (confidentiality)
E. Vawleipi huap in pakhat le pakhat i bomhchannak
F. Rianthiamnak (Professionalism)

G. Corruption sining theihfiannak

a sining thumhnak/niamter
ziknawh pek chun
ziknawhnak a hrampi theih
ziknawh zat theih
ziknawhnak hlawh
nawlngeihnak ningcanglo in hman

H. Phuan ningcang

hmual ngeimi chimphuannak thazaang pek
mizapi or a phu aiawh in phuannak
suimilam 24 chung ah pehtlai in report pek, chim phuan khawhnak ding hmunhma ser
chimphuannak (report) hna lehnak tuah zokzok ding
checkfelnak tuah colh hrimhrim ding

Biadonghnak: A cunglei ah ka langhter cang bantuk in ahohmanh hnursuan timh duh ah silo in, careltu le mipi nih kan i fian khawhnak hnga ding caah hun tialmi a si.

A ruang cu atulio ah kan caihphai bikmi a si lawng silo in, nawlngeitu kan timi hna cu Zauk Phung (Democracy System) a hmangmi ram ahcun, nawlngeinak kha mizapi sin in a rami a si. Mizapi nih kan thim hna, kan thimfung kan pek hna i, kum zei maw zat chung nawlngeihnak kan pekmi hna a si. Cucu, mizapi caah a tha bik mi in an tuanrel ding kha an rian a si.

Cun, cozah nih nawlngeihnak in a tawlrelmi chawva vialte hi mizapi kan ngeihmi a si fawn. Pumpak in tuanrelmi ngunkhuai (wun nguai khun/income tax) cu a pe lomi tam a si caah, ziah kan chawva, kan tangka kan ti khawh timi ruahnak a chuak theo tawn. Ramkomh Kawlram chung a ummi poah nih nifatin kan nunnak ah a khun (indrect) in a pemi lawngte kan si. Leitang thil chuak le zei dang thil cu hei chia rih u sihlaw, zingzaan i kan eidinmi, cite, chiti, ngapih, kalape, sapiat, coffee, lakphak in dinmi zu.. tial ding a tam liangluang vialte khi cozah nih ‘akhun’ (tax) a lak ciami lawngte a si. Cucaah, hi bantuk a ei, ding le hmangmi poahpoah nih kan i pehtlaihmi ‘Ngun’ kan timi chawva kong a si. Cucaah, kan dihlak he a pehtlaimi a si timi theihternak caah zeital thathnemnak le i fiannak ding caah santlaihnak a um hnga maw tiah hi capar tawite ka hun tial.#

Theihternak: Catialtu nih a cunglei capar chung ah laknak le ram sining kong tial a si ko caah, Cherhchan a hlei in ka langhter lo. Hi capar tawi cu Hakha Mino tonpumhnak ah rak chuahpimi cathluan chung in a si.
~Catialtu Salai Sang Hnin Lian

~ Hi capar cu Salai Sang Hnin Lian nih amah pumpak in hmuhning fianternak a tialmi a si caah, a riantuannak he pehtlaihnak le aiawhnak pakhat hman a ngei lo. ~ Editor