Minung le Hmunthur
Thingkung le saram nih an chuahpi mi thurhnawm pawl cu anmah tein an tlo i an thumaan. Pakhat le khat tthathnemhnak an i pe lehlam. Minung nih chuahpi mi bal pawngkam caah ral an si. Minung hi hmunthur chuahpitu kampani kan si. Kan kalnak hmun kip ah hmunthur kan chuahpi. Hmunthur nih a kan zulhdawi peng. Kan tthancho rualrual in kan hmunthur a karh chinchin. Hmailei zong ah a karh chin lengmang lai ti cu elawk ttha lo in a fiang. Tikah, zeitindah kan hmunthur pawl ningcang ngei tein kan i fimtawl khawh lai? Zei pawl dah dawntu an si i zeitidah lam kan kawl lai ah a tthat lai? tihi ruah lo awk a ttha lo mi a hung si.
Hmunthur ti tik ahhin innchung chuak hmunthur, sehzung chuak thurhnawn, cinthlaknak hmun in chuak mi thurhnawn tbk in a phunphun in tthen khawh an si hnga. Phundang in cun minung nih kan herh tilo mi, hmantlak lo hnawmtam pawl kha hmunthur tiah a fawinak in kan fianter khawh. Tahchunhnak ah, cawhnuk bawm hman cia mi, palasitik (plastics) bawm, herh tilo mi catlap, a tlo cang/a thuman mi tirawl tbk kha hmunthur tiah kan i fiang bik cio lai dah. Kum khat hnu kum khat hmunthur a karh chin lengmang ti si. Tahchunhnak ah, World Bank nih a tuak mi ah Kawl ram chung ah 5,616 tons lengmang nikhat ah thurhnawm pawl minung nih an chuah. A ralai mi 2025 ah cun ni khat ah 21,012 tons tiang a phan te kho tiah a ruah damh. Cu chung ah, zatuak 55 (55%) hrawng cu Yangon, Mandalay le Naypidaw in a si a ti. A fiang mi cu kan tthangcho deuhdeuh, kan hmunthur a tam deuhdeuh.
Felfai tein tawlrel lo ahcun minung, pawngkam, le saram ca tiang ah tthatlonak a pek khawh. Ti hram a thurhnawmter, zawtnak a chuahpi khawh, inn zuat le ramlak saram – ti chung saram le tlang saram pawl caah sivai tthalo a si khawh pin ah pawngkam rawhralnak tiang zong a chuahpi khawh. Tahchunhnak ah, hmunthur ttha tein fimtawl lo le duh paoh in hlonhnak nih luti luannak a phih dih tikah Ghana ram khuahlipi Accra khua cu 2011 lio ah tilianhnak (flooding) fakpi in a rak tuar. A thilo le hliamh a tuar mi tampi an um pin ah an nun pawcawmnak tiang fakpi in a rak hnursuan hna.
Hakha khuahlipi zong kum khat hnu kum khat a tthangcho. Inn le lo a karh deuhdeuh bantuk in minung zong aa tam deuhdeuh. Lawmh a um hringhran! Kan tthancho rualrual in kan duhherh a tam deuhdeuh. Kan hman mi a tam deuhdeuh. Tikah, hmunthur tam deuhdeuh kan chuahpi ve. Cu caah, hmunthur tawlrelnak le fimtawlnak kong ah biatak in cawlcangh a hau chin lengmang. Tthal ruah thawh fatin hmunthur nih khua chung hmun kip ah tii luannak a kham peng tikah harnak tampi a kan pek. Khat lei cun luti luannak tuah mi pawl hi dikfel (standard) tein tuah mi an si maw, silo ti zong cu ruah ding a hung um ve. Hmanhseh, a fiang ko mi cu minung nih kan hmunthur pawl luti hor le a kenkip ah duhpoah in ka hlonh hna ticu elawk ttha lo in a lang. Zeitindah cu harnak (problem) kan hmetter khawh lai tihi ruah lo awk a ttha lo.
Pawngkam kilvennak kong he pehtlai in Kollmuss le Agyeman nih chunglei sining (internal factor) le lenglei sining (external factor) hi an biapi veve an ti. Chunglei le lenglei thil pahnih an i bawmh le an kaltti, siloah, pehtlaihnak an ngeih tikah pawngkam dawt thiamnak le kilven duhnak lungthin a kai deuh i hmual a ngei an ti. Cucu hmunthur pawl ningcang deuh in hmailei ah kan fimtawl khawh nakding ah bawmtu a si lai tiah ka ruah. Chunglei le lenglei sining cu zeidah an si.
- a) Chunglei thil (internal factor): Chunglei in thlennak tuah kha chim duh mi a si. Phundang cun lungput/ziaza thlen kha a si. Tuahkel ziaza thlen bal a har. Cu thlen khawh nakding ah hngalhtheihnak (awareness) nih a dawi a hau ti a si. Kan tonmi thil in maw, chungkhar in maw, bu chung in maw, hawile siloah saya/ma te sin in maw, cawnnak (formal and informal education kha a huap) in maw hngalhtheihnak cu an ra tawn ti a si. Tikah, ruah ding a um mi cu hmunthur kong ah zeitluk indah mizapi nih hngalhtheihnak kan ngeih ti kha a si hnga. Tck, ah mizapi nih hmunthur ttihnung a sinak, pawngkam le minung harnak a pek khawhnak, 3Rs timi “hman mi tlawmter deuh (reduce), hman awk tlak mi hman tthan (reuse), kirter awk ttha mi kirter tthan (recycle)” tibantuk zeitluk indah kan pemh i kan hngalh. Phundang cun, hmunthur felfai le ningcang tein kilven le fimtawl a biapitnak zeitluk tiang dah mizapi sinah theihhngalhnak hram a thlak cang tiah biahal ding a si hnga.
- b) Lenglei thil (external factor): Lungput/ziaza tlennak kan ngeih mi kha lenglei in dirkamh le hmunhma sersiam piak kha chim duh mi a si. Phundang cun, chunglei thlennak duhsah tein kan ngeih mi ziaza pawl kha a tak in kan hman khawh nakding ah lenglei in bawmh a herhnak kha a si. Tahchunhnak ah, mizapi nih hmunthur bawm/hlonhnak hmun fawi tein an banh kho maw, hmantthan khawh mi hmunthur ningcang tein hlonh khawhnak hmunhma a um maw, tbk kha an si hna. Mah bantuk lenglei hmunhma siamremh piaknak (structural space) nih chunglei thlennak tampi a bawmh khawh. Lenglei in hmunhma sersiam piaknak nih ngalhtheihnak kan ngeih mi lungput a tthanter bantuk in khatlei ah lenglei hmunhma sersiam piaknak tha a der tikah kan hngalhtheihnak kha tthang thiam loin a donh tawn ve.
Cu caah, ningcang le sullam ngei tein kan hmunthur pawl fimtawl an si khawh nakding ah chunglei le lenglei sining pahnih hi an biapi veve. Hmunthur ttih a nunnak le felfai tein fimtawl a biapitnak kong mizapi lungthin chung ah nget tein hram a thlak khawh nakhnga ttan lak a hauh bantuk in awlzang le ningcang ngei tein hmunthur hlonh khawhnak le thleidan thiamnak hmunhma sersiam piak zong a biapi ve. Cu phak khawh nakding ah a cozah in siseh, biaknak in siseh, a leng buu in siseh, pumpak le chungkhar in hma kan laak a hau ticu kan ton mi harnak nih a fianter ngai ko. A ruang cu “Hmunthur a hlonh mi thongthlak” timi lawng nih kan pawngkam a damter ding le a thlen khawh loding a fiang…
Ngun Kam
18/06/2020
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